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Fire behavior and intensity vary within and between fires, mediated by factors such as slope, aspect, elevation, fuel loading and vegetation type. These influences create a mosaic of burn severity, shaping forests around the world. These burn…
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This work experimentally investigates the fire spread of discrete fuels by using fuel beds of laser-cut cardboards in a wind tunnel. Two distinct particle ignition modes are identified: under lower wind speed and packing ratio, a part of the tilted…
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Wildfires often exhibit complex and dynamic behaviour arising from interactions between the fire and surrounding environment that can create a rapid fire advance and result in loss of containment and critical fire safety concerns. A series of…
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Firebrand spotting is a potential threat to people and infrastructure, which is difficult to predict and becomes more significant when the size of a fire and intensity increases. To conduct realistic physics-based modeling with firebrand transport,…
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Wildfires burn annually across the United States (US), which threaten those in close proximity to them. Due to drastic alterations of soil properties and to the land surfaces by these fires, risks of flash floods, debris flows, and severe erosion…
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Forests are currently a substantial carbon sink globally. Many climate change mitigation strategies leverage forest preservation and expansion, but rely on forests storing carbon for decades to centuries. Yet climate-driven disturbances pose…
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Despite the ecological and socioeconomic impacts of wildfires, little attention has been paid to the spatiotemporal patterns of nighttime fire activity across the conterminous United States (CONUS). Daytime fire radiative power (FRP) detected by the…
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Wildfires produce a mosaic of burned and unburned patches across varying temporal and spatial scales and provide a range of essential ecosystem services. Fire perimeters mark the separation between the burned and unburned matrix of a fire. Analysis…
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Analyses of the effects of topography, weather, land management, and fuel on fire severity are increasingly common, and generally apply fire severity indices derived from satellite optical remote sensing. However, these indices are commonly…
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Background: The structure and function of fire-prone ecosystems are influenced by many interacting processes that develop over varying time scales. Fire creates both instantaneous and long-term changes in vegetation (defined as live, dead, and…
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Wildland fire management decision-makers need to quickly understand large amounts of quantitative information under stressful conditions. Categorization and visualization 'schemes' have long been used to help, but how they are done affects the speed…
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The effectiveness of a fuelbreak, created in a homogeneous grassland on a flat terrain, was studied numerically. The analysis relies on 3D numerical simulations that were performed using a detailed physical-fire-model (FIRESTAR3D) based on a…
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Improving the accuracy of fire behavior prediction requires better understanding of live fuel, the dominant component of tree crowns, which dictates the consumption and energy release of the crown fire flame-front. Live fuel flammability is not well…
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Wildfires were a frequent source of disturbance in forests of the Western United States prior to Euro-American settlement. Following a series of catastrophic wildfires in the Northern Rockies in 1910, the U.S. Forest Service adopted a broad wildfire…
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Scarcity in wildland fire progression data as well as considerable uncertainties in forecasts demand improved methods to monitor fire spread in real time. However, there exists at present no scalable solution to acquire consistent information about…
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Wildfires constitute a serious threat for both the environment and human well-being. The US fire policy aims to tackle this problem, devoting a sizeable amount of resources and resorting extensively to fire suppression strategies. The theoretical…
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Aim: Pyrodiversity is the spatial or temporal variability in fire effects across a land- scape. Multiple ecological hypotheses, when applied to the context of post- fire sys- tems, suggest that high pyrodiversity will lead to high biodiversity. This…
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here is increasing discussion in the academic and agency literature, as well as popular media, about the need to address the existing deficit of beneficial fire on landscapes. One approach allowable under United States federal wildland fire policy…
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Strong and variable winds in thunderstorm outflow boundaries interact with wildland fires, often spreading flames faster to threaten firefighter safety and amplify economical destruction. These boundaries are difficult to detect in complex terrain…
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Abandonment of agricultural land is widespread in many parts of the world, leading to shrub and tree encroachment. The increase of flammable plant biomass, that is, fuel load, increases the risk and intensity of wildfires. Fuel reduction by…
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