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Ecosystem

Displaying 5301 - 5320 of 6016 results

This book focuses on the causes, consequences, and possible means of avoiding organizational accidents. While individual accidents are more frequent and often target the individual for blame, organizational accidents are deep rooted errors in the…
Author(s): James Reason
Year Published:

Acute toxicity tests were conducted with Hyalella azteca Saussure (an amphipod) exposed in soft and hard waters to three fire retardants (Fire‐Trol GTS‐R, Fire‐Trol LCG‐R, and Phos‐Chek D75‐F) and two foam suppressants (Phos‐Chek WD‐881 and Silv‐Ex…
Author(s): S. F. McDonald, Steven J. Hamilton, Kevin J. Buhl, James F. Heisinger
Year Published:

Long-term recovery of Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentatassp.wyomingensisBeetle and Young) after four treatments was investigated. Treatments at a south-western Montana site were spraying with 2,4-D, plowing and rotocutting, all applied in…
Author(s): Myles J. Watts, Carl L. Wambolt
Year Published:

There are many characterizations of wildland firefighters and their work culture. These characterizations vary across all levels of organizations, jurisdictions and types of jobs. As closely held as these perceptions are, as confident as each of us…
Author(s):
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This FEIS species review synthesizes information on the relationship of Spea intermontana (Great Basin spadefoot) to fire--how fire affects the species and its habitat, and fire management considerations. Information is also provided on the species…
Author(s): Janet L. Howard
Year Published:

A primary goal of restoration treatments in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa)/fir forests is to create more open stand structures, thereby improving tree vigor and reducing vulnerability to insects, disease, and severe fire. An additional goal in…
Author(s): Carl E. Fiedler
Year Published:

This FEIS species review synthesizes information on the relationship of Athene cunicularia (burrowing owl) to fire--how fire affects the species and its habitat, and fire management considerations. Information is also provided on the species'…
Author(s): Janet L. Howard
Year Published:

The effect of competition on the postfire recovery of Festuca idahoensis Elmer and Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scrib & Smith, was examined under natural conditions. Thirty plants of each species were exposed to fire applied with a portable…
Author(s): Guillermo E. Defosse, Ronald Robberecht
Year Published:

Laboratory studies were conducted with four early life stages of fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, to determine the acute toxicity of five firefighting chemical formulations in standardized soft and hard water. Egg, fry, 30-day posthatch, and 60-…
Author(s): M. P. Gaikowski, Steven J. Hamilton, Kevin J. Buhl, S. F. McDonald, C. H. Summers
Year Published:

From the Background...'A rapid decline in whitebark pine has occurred during the last 60 years as a result of three interrelated factors: epidemics of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae); the introduced disease white pine blister…
Author(s): Robert E. Keane, Stephen F. Arno
Year Published:

A series of nine large-scale, open fires was conducted in the Intermountain Fire Sciences Laboratory (IFSL) controlled-environment combustion facility. The fuels were pure pine needles or sagebrush or mixed fuels simulating forest-floor, ground…
Author(s): Robert J. Yokelson, David W. T. Griffith, Darold E. Ward
Year Published:

Acute toxicity tests were conducted exposing Daphnia magna Straus (daphnid) in soft and hard reconstituted waters (hardness 42 and 162 mg/liter as CaCO3, respectively), and Selenastrum capricornutum Printz (algae) in ASTM algal assay medium (…
Author(s): S. F. McDonald, Steven J. Hamilton, Kevin J. Buhl, James F. Heisinger
Year Published:

The 26 papers in this document address the current knowledge of fire as a disturbance agent, fire history and fire regimes, applications of prescribed fire for ecological restoration, and the effects of fire on the various forested ecosystems of the…
Author(s): Colin C. Hardy, Stephen F. Arno
Year Published:

Palmer and Dunford analyze the concept of reframing and discuss four key limits to this concept. Reframing literature asserts that people generally are trapped into a singular way of thinking about a situation, and thus, they are unable to think…
Author(s): Ian Palmer, Richard Dunford
Year Published:

Elimination of the historic pattern of frequent low-intensity fires in ponderosa pine and pine-mixed conifer forests has resulted in major ecological disruptions. Prior to 1900, open stands of large, long-lived, fire-resistant ponderosa pine were…
Author(s): Stephen F. Arno
Year Published:

One of the critical mistakes made by wildland firefighters during both the Mann Gulch and South Canyon fires was their unwillingness to drop heavy tools and packs as they attempted to outrun the flames. Weick points to 10 possible reasons for their…
Author(s): Karl E. Weick
Year Published:

This FEIS species review synthesizes information on the relationship of Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) to fire--how fire affects the species and its habitat, and fire management considerations. Information is also provided on the species'…
Author(s): Janet L. Howard
Year Published:

We investigated the short-term influence of fire on xeric sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus Bonaparte) brood habitat in southeastern Idaho from 1990-92.
Author(s): Richard A. Fischer, Kerry P. Reese, John W. Connelly
Year Published:

Seral, fire dependent lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.) communities are an important component of upper elevation forests throughout the Northern Rockies, where they cover 4 million acres, or about 17 percent of the land base. On the Bitterroot…
Author(s): Catherine A. Stewart
Year Published:

This FEIS species review synthesizes information on the relationship of Microtus pennsylvanicus (meadow vole) to fire--how fire affects the species and its habitat, and fire management considerations. Information is also provided on the species…
Author(s): Janet Sullivan
Year Published: