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This review summarizes information that was available in the scientific literature as of 2020 on the biology, ecology, and effects of fire and control methods on yellow starthistle in North America.
Yellow starthistle is a nonnative, invasive forb…
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Bark beetle outbreaks and forest fires have imposed severe ecological damage and caused billions of dollars in lost resources in recent decades. The impact of such combined disturbances is projected to become more severe, especially as climate…
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Wildland fire management decision-makers need to quickly understand large amounts of quantitative information under stressful conditions. Categorization and visualization 'schemes' have long been used to help, but how they are done affects the speed…
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The idea that not all fire regimes are created equal is a central theme in fire research and conservation. Fire frequency (i.e., temporal scale) is likely the most studied fire regime attribute as it relates to conservation of fireadapted ecosystems…
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Because fire retardant can enter streams and harm aquatic species including endangered fish, agencies such as the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) must estimate the downstream extent of toxic effects every time fire retardant enters streams (denoted as an…
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Widespread fire activity taxes suppression resources and can compound wildfire hazards. We examine the geographic synchronicity of fire danger across western United States forests as a proxy for the strain on fire suppression resource availability.…
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Fire behavior is well described by a fire’s direction, rate of spread, and its energy release rate. Fire intensity as defined by Byram (1959) is the most commonly used term describing fire behavior in the wildfire community. It is, however,…
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Projected warming of global surface air temperatures will further exacerbate droughts, wildfires, and other agents of ecosystem stress. We use latewood blue intensity from high‐elevation Picea engelmannii to reconstruct late‐summer maximum air…
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Questions: Relative to a landscape with a mosaic of two sagebrush community types and increasing fire frequency, we asked: 1) Do vegetation characteristics vary significantly with number of times burned for each sagebrush community? 2) How do…
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Increased frequency and new types of disturbances caused by global change calls for deepened insights into possible alterations of successional pathways. Despite current interest in disturbance interactions there is a striking lack of studies…
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In response to large, severe wildfires across the western US, federal initiatives have been enacted to increase the pace, scale, and quality of ecological restoration in fire dependent forests. To address uncertainty and controversy in agreement…
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As wildfires in the western United States continue to increase in size and number due to historical fire suppression and climate change, it is imperative for people living in fire-prone areas to “live with fire.” Fire suppression efforts are…
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Tree mortality associated with drought and concurrent bark beetle outbreaks is expected to increase with further climate change.When these two types of disturbance occur in concert it complicates our ability to accurately predict future forest…
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Climate change in concert with fire suppression is increasing the size, severity and frequency of fires globally. At the same time, insects, an exceptionally biodiverse group that provide essential ecosystem services such as pollination and…
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Firebrands are a widely observed phenomenon in wildland fires, which can transport for a long distance, cause spot ignition in the wildland–urban interface (WUI) and increase the rate of wildfire spread. The flame attached to a moving firebrand…
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Extreme wildfires are increasing in frequency globally, prompting new efforts to mitigate risk. The ecological appropriateness of risk mitigation strategies, however, depends on what factors are driving these increases. While regional syntheses…
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The National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy (hereafter: Cohesive Strategy) mandates the restoration and maintenance of landscapes, with the goal that “landscapes across all jurisdictions are resilient to fire-related disturbances in…
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Exposure to wildfire smoke continues to be a growing threat to public health, yet the chemical components in wildfire smoke that primarily drive toxicity and associated disease are largely unknown. This study utilized a suite of computational…
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Air pollution, particularly fine and ultrafine particulate matter aerosols, underlies a wide range of communicable and non-communicable disease affecting many systems including the cardiopulmonary and immune systems, and arises primarily from…
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Strong and variable winds in thunderstorm outflow boundaries interact with wildland fires, often spreading flames faster to threaten firefighter safety and amplify economical destruction. These boundaries are difficult to detect in complex terrain…
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