Increasing global temperatures and variability in the timing, quantity, and intensity of precipitation and wind have led to longer fire season lengths, greater fuel availability, and more intense and severe wildfires [1]. These broad-scale shifts have increased the emphasis on understanding wildland fuel dynamics through fine-scale laboratory experiments [2], refined fuel sampling strategies [3,4], the characterization of fuel hazards and treatment longevity [5,6], and operational fuel mapping [7,8]. Many of these efforts seek to enhance fuel estimation precision, along with the spatial and temporal resolutions of fuel products available for management decision making. Recent research has emphasized the need to advance fuel knowledge and management through (1) improving the speed and accuracy of techniques for characterizing fuel properties, such as fuel moisture and arrangement; (2) evaluating how fuel properties respond to management and disturbance events; and (3) integrating these techniques to improve the mapping of fuel characteristics and hazards across space and time. This Special Issue represents a collection of papers that highlight the diversity in fuel dynamics, characterization approaches, and mapping strategies from around the world.