Many of the cultural traditions practiced by Native Americans were channeled from or associated with their experiences with the natural world. These traditions, in turn, served to inform land management practices that effectively maintained a sustainable ecological balance among people and land for thousands of years. Today, many Native Americans find it difficult to continue the ecological and cultural, or “ecocultural” practices of their ancestors (Long et al. 2018). Here we explore some of the factors that give rise to these challenges. This chapter provides a general overview of traditional land management practices employed by Native American Tribes throughout the American West.