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Ecosystem

Displaying 2941 - 2960 of 5892 results

Cultural resources are physical features, both natural and anthropogenic, associated with human activity. These unique and non-renewable resources include sites, structures, and objects possessing significance in history, architecture, archaeology,…
Author(s): Rachel A. Loehman, Bret W. Butler, Jamie Civitello, Connie Constan, Jennifer Dyer, Zander Evans, Megan Friggens, Rebekah Kneifel, James J. Reardon, Madeline Scheintaub, Anastasia Steffen
Year Published:

Ongoing challenges to understanding how hazard exposure and disaster experiences influence perceived risk lead us to ask: Is seeing believing? We approach risk perception by attending to two components of overall risk perception: perceived…
Author(s): Patricia A. Champ, Hannah Brenkert-Smith
Year Published:

The direct effects of climate change on alpine treeline ecotones – the transition zones between subalpine forest and non-forested alpine vegetation – have been studied extensively, but climate-induced changes in disturbance regimes have received…
Author(s): C. Alina Cansler, Donald McKenzie, Charles B. Hansler
Year Published:

A goal of fire management in wilderness is to allow fire to play its natural ecological role without intervention. Unfortunately, most unplanned ignitions in wilderness are suppressed, in part because of the risk they might pose to values, outside…
Author(s): Kevin M. Barnett, Carol Miller, Tyron J. Venn
Year Published:

Wildland fire management has reached a crossroads. Current perspectives are not capable of answering interdisciplinary adaptation and mitigation challenges posed by increases in wildfire risk to human populations and the need to reintegrate fire as…
Author(s): Alistair M. S. Smith, Crystal A. Kolden, Travis B. Paveglio, Mark A. Cochrane, David M. J. S. Bowman, Max A. Moritz, Andrew D. Kliskey, Lilian Alessa, Andrew T. Hudak, Chad M. Hoffman, James A. Lutz, Lloyd P. Queen, Scott J. Goetz, Philip E. Higuera, Luigi Boschetti, Michael D. Flannigan, Kara M. Yedinak, Adam C. Watts, Eva K. Strand, Jan W. van Wagtendonk, John Anderson, Brian J. Stocks, John T. Abatzoglou
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An assessment of outcomes from research projects funded by the Joint Fire Science Program was conducted to determine whether or not science has been used to inform management and policy decisions and to explore factors that facilitate use of fire…
Author(s): Molly E. Hunter
Year Published:

Exotic plant invasions present a global threat to natural ecosystems, yet the efficacy of management efforts in mitigating invader impacts remains unclear. A rapidly emerging problem is that of secondary invasion — an increase in abundance of non-…
Author(s): Dean E. Pearson, Yvette K. Ortega, Justin B. Runyon, Jack L. Butler
Year Published:

Average annual absolute minimum temperatures (TN n ) provide a means of delineating agriculturally relevant climate zones and are used to define cold hardiness zones (CHZ) by the United States Department of Agriculture. Projected changes in TN n ,…
Author(s): Lauren E. Parker, John T. Abatzoglou
Year Published:

Finding novel ways to plan and implement landscape-level forest treatments that protect sensitive wildlife and other key ecosystem components, while also reducing the risk of large-scale, high-severity fires, can prove to be difficult. We examined…
Author(s): Christopher B. Dow, Brandon M. Collins, Scott L. Stephens
Year Published:

Prior work shows western US forest wildfire activity increased abruptly in the mid-1980s. Large forest wildfires and areas burned in them have continued to increase over recent decades, with most of the increase in lightning-ignited fires. Northern…
Author(s): Anthony L. Westerling
Year Published:

In this study, researchers analyzed the influence of pre-incident familiarity, stakeholder affiliation, and primary wildfire response/functional role on communication frequency and efficacy during three western U.S. wildfires ignited on U.S. Forest…
Author(s): Northwest Fire Science Consortium
Year Published:

Previous research has focused on quantifying fuel loadings and using operational fire behavior models to understand changes in fire severity following MPB outbreaks. In this study however, researchers used direct field measurements taken from the…
Author(s): Northwest Fire Science Consortium
Year Published:

Mastication of shrubs and small trees to reduce fire hazard has become a widespread management practice, yet many aspects of the fire behaviour of these unique woody fuelbeds remain poorly understood. To examine the effects of fuelbed aging on fire…
Author(s): Jesse K. Kreye, J. Morgan Varner, Jeffrey M. Kane, Eric E. Knapp, Warren P. Reed
Year Published:

We live on a flammable planet yet there is little consensus on the origin and evolution of flammability in our flora. We argue that part of the problem lies in the concept of flammability, which should not be viewed as a single quantitative trait or…
Author(s): Juli G. Pausas, Jon E. Keeley, Dylan W. Schwilk
Year Published:

Each year, the general public and wildland firefighters in the US are exposed to smoke from wildland fires. As part of an effort to characterize health risks of breathing this smoke, a review of the literature was conducted using five major…
Author(s): Olorunfemi Adetona, Timothy E. Reinhardt, Joe Domitrovich, George Broyles, Anna M. Adetona, Michael T. Kleinman, Roger D. Ottmar, Luke P. Naeher
Year Published:

A study by Keane and Gray (2013) compared three sampling techniques for estimating surface fine woody fuels. Known amounts of fine woody fuel were distributed on a parking lot, and researchers estimated the loadings using different sampling…
Author(s): Kathy L. Gray, Robert E. Keane, Ryan Karpisz, Alyssa Pedersen, Rick Brown, Taylor Russell
Year Published:

Fire danger and potential for large fires in the United States (US) is currently indicated via several forecasted qualitative indices. However, landscape-level quantitative forecasts of the probability of a large fire are currently lacking. In this…
Author(s): Haiganoush K. Preisler, Karen L. Riley, Crystal S. Stonesifer, David E. Calkin, William Matt Jolly
Year Published:

Most models project warmer and drier climates that will contribute to larger and more frequent wildfires. However, it remains unknown how repeated wildfires alter post-fire successional patterns and forest structure. Here, we test the hypothesis…
Author(s): Camille Stevens-Rumann, Penelope Morgan
Year Published:

Management strategies to reduce the risks to human life and property from wildfire commonly involve burning native vegetation. However, planned burning can conflict with other societal objectives such as human health and biodiversity conservation.…
Author(s): Don A. Driscoll, Michael Bode, Ross A. Bradstock, David A. Keith, Trent D. Penman, Owen F. Price
Year Published:

Fire scars are initiated by cambial necrosis caused by localized lethal heating of the tree stem. Scars develop as part of the linked survival processes of compartmentalization and wound closure. The position of scars within dated tree ring series…
Author(s): Kevin T. Smith, Estelle Arbellay, Donald A. Falk, Elaine Kennedy Sutherland
Year Published: