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This Fire Regime Synthesis details characteristics of presettlement (i.e., before Euro-American settlement), historical (i.e., any past record), and contemporary (i.e., 1980s to present) fuels and fire regimes in ponderosa pine and montane mixed-…
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Fire-caused tree mortality has major impacts on forest ecosystems. One primary cause of post-fire tree mortality in non-resprouting species is crown scorch, the percentage of foliage in a crown that is killed by heat. Despite its importance, the…
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-- The mechanistic links between fire-caused injuries and post-fire tree mortality are poorly understood. Current hypotheses differentiate effects of fire on tree carbon balance and hydraulic function, yet critical uncertainties remain about the…
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The sagebrush biome in the western United States is a focus of widespread conservation concern due to multiple interacting threats including larger, more severe wildfires. Given the immense scale of the region and limited resources, prioritizing…
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As wildfires intensify across the western United States, understanding long-term ecosystem recovery is increasingly critical. Post-fire soil amendments, such as woody mulch or biochar, are commonly used to stabilize soils and promote vegetation…
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Despite fire being one of the oldest and most important ecological disturbance processes on Earth, many aspects of fire–vegetation feedbacks are poorly understood, limiting their accurate representation in predictive models. Translating plant…
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Wildfire is a natural disturbance in landscapes of the Western United States, but the effects and extents of fire are changing. Differences between historical and contemporary fire regimes can help identify reasons for observed changes in landscape…
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Intensifying fire season aridity portends ongoing expansion of severe wildfire in western US forests
Area burned by wildfire has increased in western US forests and elsewhere over recent decades coincident with warmer and drier fire seasons. However, high-severity fire - fire that kills all or most trees - is arguably a more important metric of…
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Accurate prediction of forest fire spread is a critical management and scientific challenge as the world adapts to rapidly changing fire regimes. We reconstructed 5,400 daily burned area progression maps for 196 U.S. Northern Rocky Mountain…
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Merging fire fronts have been associated with rapid fire spread and extremely destructive wildfires, yet few studies have characterised these behaviours outside the laboratory.
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This study aimed to improve our understanding of merging…
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Wildland firefighters (WLFFs) face significant brain health risks due to prolonged exposure to smoke, extreme heat, dehydration, physical exertion and irregular sleep patterns. Here, the literature is presented as a narrative review on studies that…
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Wildland firefighting requires exposure to long shifts and poor sleep, which may pose a risk to worker safety due to impaired cognitive function.
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We investigated the associations between sleep, shift characteristics, and cognitive…
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Following high-severity wildfires in conifer forests that rely on wind dispersal for regeneration, reforestation practices are used to hasten the development of large, fire-resistant trees that are better able to persist through the next…
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Fuel moisture content is a key driver of fuel flammability and subsequent fire activity and behavior worldwide. Dead fuels passively exchange moisture with the atmosphere while live fuel moisture is confounded by a mixture of seasonal…
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Record fire years in recent decades have challenged post-fire forest recovery in the western United States and beyond. To improve management responses, it is critical that we understand the conditions under which management can mitigate…
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Remote sensing techniques for assessing fire severity using two-dimensional imagery, such as satellite data, are limited to a single severity value per pixel, typically at a 30-m resolution. This often leads to an underestimation…
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Physics-based three-dimensional (3D) fire behavior models improve planning for prescribed fire application and wildfire mitigation, but require high spatial resolution 3D fuel models as inputs. While multiple methods and data sources for…
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Catastrophic wildfire has escalated across the globe in recent decades with devastating consequences for human communities and native ecosystems. Global change processes, including climate warming and land use practices, are altering…
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Potential heat release (PHR) is the theoretical maximum amount of heat releasable by wildland fuels during fire and is a key determinant of fireline intensity. Understanding its variability and dynamics is important for predicting fire…
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In June 2024 members of the Fire Science Exchange Networks and the Joint Fire Science Program's programming office and governing board attended a field trip on the Flathead Reservation in Montana to learn about historic and current fire and forest…
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