The Federal Wildland Fire Management Policy and Program Review, chartered and completed in 1995, represents the latest stage in the evolution of wildland fire management. The concept of appropriate management response is central to this policy. Through this approach, management responses are developed to reflect resource management needs and constraints, maximize a commitment to safety, be cost-effective, and accomplish desired objectives while maintaining the flexibility to vary intensity as conditions change. This concept accommodates use of the full range of responses. During the 1998 fire season in the Northern Rocky Mountains, appropriate management responses were developed consistent with the new policy and the full range of options. The appropriate management responses that were applied during August and September are discussed, with emphasis on descriptions of actions, ranges of costs, and contrasts among various responses. Specific examples of concurrent selected wildland fire use and suppression complexes are provided.